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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2015  |  Volume : 35  |  Issue : 1  |  Page : 28-36

Valproic acid exerts an anti-tumor effect on tongue cancer sas cells in vitro and in vivo


1 Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
2 Department of Dentistry, Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
3 Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei; ] Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
4 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei; School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
5 Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
6 Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
7 School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

Correspondence Address:
Yuan-Wu Chen
School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan 11490
Taiwan
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/1011-4564.151289

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Background: Valproic acid (VPA) is a drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration for epilepsy and bipolar disorders. It is also a known histone deacetylase inhibitor and has been evaluated as an anti-cancer agent. However, the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effect of VPA on human tongue cancer has not been evaluated. Materials and Methods: We tested VPA for its anti-tumor activity on the human tongue cancer (SAS) cell line in vitro and in vivo in a tumor xenograft model in mice. The effect of VPA on the cell cycle and apoptosis was examined. Results: Growth inhibition was noted when SAS, squamous cell carcinoma 25 and OECM-1 cells were treated with various doses of VPA for 24-72 h, and it was found that VPA treatment caused G1 arrest and apoptosis in SAS cells. VPA also inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK in SAS cells in vitro. Tumor growth inhibition was observed in NOD/SCID mice bearing xenografts of human tongue cancer that were treated with a VPA dose of 400 mg/kg/day. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that VPA can inhibit the growth of human tongue cancer cells in vitro and in vivo without causing any significant adverse effects.


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